The Every Day Architecture

What we can see is partly that what has been preserved but also what we emphasise as well. This is often the grand history and the grand architecture. However most of the town belongs to the every day history. Historically the town has had a large number of ancillary building such as stables, barns and trading stalls. These remain only as fragments even in a relatively well preserved town like Vadstena. The buildings were often of low quality and occupied by people with limited resources to maintain them. In many cases the buildings have also been too small when need for space increased and therefore they were demolished rather than modernised. Over time the town has changed and so have the requirements. Horses, cows, pigs, poultry, storage spaces for hay and carriage’s, outdoor toilets and so on no longer exist within the town. Small craft shops and trading stalls are also no longer visible to the same extent. The idyllic small town we see today was in large part crowded and dirty with poor housing and an odour completely different from today.  Most outbuildings have disappeared but there are still a few remaining examples. On Huvudstadsgatan a timber outbuilding is still preserved. It shows how the streetscape was more closed with outbuildings adjacent to the street with only small openings to the inner courtyards. There were also a large number of very small dwellings, most of them have now gone. A handful remain, for example the so called Skomakarstugorna (Cobbler’s cottages). They were originally located on Backegatan and moved to the current location in 1957. They are almost entirely preserved and a good example of dwellings in the town. On Slottsgatan there is a small rendered single room cottage and on Södra Rännevallen a small timber cottage which for some reason remains in place.

During the second half of the 19th century the popular/social movements expanded and with them followed many Associations. Temperance movement, Christian revival movement, Labour movement and the Sports movement all played important roles in the evolving democracy as well as contributing new types of architecture. Not least the sports movement has influenced the urban planning with sports facilities. The Conservation movement begun a little later and contributed to the protection of various building types that were at risk of disappearing with the development of the countryside. Vadstena has a IOGT-loge (Temperance meeting hall) with major changes made to the building. Pingstkyrkan (Pentescost church) by Södra Rännervallen is a typical ”free church”chapel whilst Vätternkyrkan (Vättern church) on Kråkegatan built in 1917 in a more elaborate and official style with jugend/art noveau, neo romantic and neo gothic elements. In this context Kungsvalla idrottsplats (sports ground) is relatively recent. It was created when the sports ground was moved to allow for the building of Petrus Magni school at the end of the 1960s. There have been football pitches in a number of locations, remaining is Sjövallen in Borghamn including a well preserved surrounding environment. Just outside of Vadstena you find Folkets park (lit. The Peoples park) with a rotunda and kiosk stalls in the typical Folkets park manner. After a fairly dwindling existence the park has now got a new lease of life with a sculpture park and activities.

A number of masterplans were developed, not least to meet the increased housing needs. As a reminder of a never implemented plan are three blocks of flats from the 1920s built in a fine neo classic design and located where Slottsgatan intersects with Södra Vägen. One of the buildings is placed slightly at an angle. This odd placement is a legacy from the 1909 town plan which had Slottsgatan continuing between the buildings, bend and connect to what is today Engelbrektsgatan.

Expansion during the 20th century took place almost like annual rings in wood. The development along Hovsvägen is a good illustration of this. Hovsvägen is one of the town exits, starting at the edge of the middle age town going in a southerly direction. Closest to the town there are villas from the 1930s and 40s, some fine examples of 30s functionalism. On the right side of the road are blocks of flats from the 1950s with characteristic rendered facades, shallow gable roofs and window surrounds in contrasting colors. After this Hovsvägen crosses the railway. On the left side there is an area with detached houses from the 1950s and on the other side blocks of flats from the 1960s. The area with detached houses was expanded during the 1970s and 80s and so was the area of flats. Finally on the right side the new district Drottningmarken takes over. The town boundary is now a continuously built area directly bordering with farmland. In a way this is a return to what the middle age town edge was like.